Operating Principle Of Brush Motor

When the motor works, the coil and commutator rotate, while the magnetic steel and carbon brush do not rotate. The alternating change of the coil current direction is completed with the commutator and brush that the motor rotates. In the electric vehicle industry, brush motors are divided into high-speed brush motors and low-speed brush motors. There are many differences between the brush motor and the brushless motor. From the name, we can see that the brush motor has carbon brush, and the brushless motor has no carbon brush.

Brushless motor consists of stator and rotor. The stator has magnetic poles (winding type or permanent magnet type), and the rotor has windings. After being energized, magnetic fields (magnetic poles) are also formed on the rotor. There is an included angle between the magnetic poles of the stator and the rotor. Under the mutual attraction of the stator and rotor magnetic fields (between N and S poles), the motor rotates. Changing the position of the brush can change the direction of the included angle of the stator and rotor magnetic poles (assuming that the magnetic pole of the stator is the starting side of the included angle, the magnetic pole of the rotor is the other side, and the direction from the magnetic pole of the rotor to the magnetic pole of the stator is the direction of rotation of the motor), thus changing the direction of rotation of the motor.